Cryolite

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Physical & Optical Properties

Category Collector Gems
Mohs Hardness 2,5
Specific Gravity 2,97
Refractive Index 1,338 – 1,339
Crystal System Monoclinic
Color various
Birefringence 0,001

Mohs Hardness

1 Talc 2 Gypsum 3 Calcite 4 Fluorite 5 Apatite 6 Orthoclase 7 Quartz 8 Topaz 9 Corundum 10 Diamond Cryolite
Mohs hardness of Cryolite shown against the ten reference minerals, from talc (1) to diamond (10).
Mohs Reference mineral Cryolite
1 Talc
2 Gypsum
3 Calcite
4 Fluorite
5 Apatite
6 Orthoclase
7 Quartz
8 Topaz
9 Corundum
10 Diamond

Crystal System

β a b c Monoclinic a ≠ b ≠ c, α = γ = 90°, β ≠ 90°

Value & Market

Price Tier Budget (< $50/ct)

Where to Buy Cryolite

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About Cryolite

Cryolite is a rare sodium aluminum fluoride mineral historically mined only at Ivigtut, Greenland, where the world's sole commercially significant deposit was exhausted in the 1980s. Near-colorless and with a refractive index nearly identical to water, a cryolite crystal placed in water effectively becomes invisible—making it a scientifically fascinating optical curiosity. It was once used in large quantities for aluminum smelting before synthetic cryolite replaced the natural mineral.

Science FYI Family

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Cryolite?
Cryolite is a rare sodium aluminum fluoride mineral historically mined only at Ivigtut, Greenland, where the world's sole commercially significant deposit was exhausted in the 1980s. Near-colorless and with a refractive index nearly identical to water, a cryolite crystal placed in water effectively
What is the hardness of Cryolite?
Cryolite has a Mohs hardness of 2.5, making it relatively soft for use in jewelry.
What color is Cryolite?
Cryolite is primarily Various.
How much does Cryolite cost?
Cryolite falls into the Budget (< $50/ct) price range. Prices vary based on color, clarity, cut, and origin.
What is the crystal system of Cryolite?
Cryolite belongs to the Monoclinic crystal system.