Onyx

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A layered variety of chalcedony banded in parallel black and white, onyx also lends its name to uniformly black chalcedony when used as a gem. It forms in the cavities of volcanic rocks and in sedimentary silica deposits, most notably in India, Brazil, Uruguay, and the United States. Belonging to the trigonal quartz group, it measures 6.5 to 7.0 on the Mohs scale. Since antiquity the stone's contrasting layers have been exploited for cameos, intaglios, beads, and large decorative objects, while pure black onyx became popular in mourning and men's jewelry. A moderately priced semi-precious stone, onyx is traditionally associated with February.

Physical & Optical Properties

Category Semi-Precious Gems

Mohs Hardness 6.5 – 7.0

Specific Gravity 2.55 – 2.7

Refractive Index 1.53 – 1.543

Crystal System Trigonal

Color black

Mohs Hardness

Mohs Hardness: 6.5 – 7.0

1 Soft10 Hard

Crystal System

Value & Market

Price Tier Moderate ($50-500/ct)

Where to Buy Onyx

Blue Nile Fine jewelry retailer

James Allen Gemstone jewelry

Brilliant Earth Ethically sourced gems

Amazon Wide selection

Links may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.

Cultural Significance

Birthstone Month 2 (alternative)

Treatments

Black chalcedony ("onyx") is assumed to be dyed - Blue Chart Gem Identification, Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, 2010, p 7 6.5 to 7Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010) More from other references 2.55 to 2.70Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010) 1.530 to 1.543Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010) Uniaxial/+Ulrich Henn and Claudio C. Milisenda, Gemmological Tables (2004) Straight color bands (black with white layer)Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010) More from other references OpaqueHerve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010) More from other references TrigonalUlrich Henn and Claudio C. Milisenda, Gemmological Tables (2004) Onyx information at mindat.org

About Onyx

오닉스는 검은색과 흰색이 교대로 층을 이루는 평행 줄무늬의 옥수 변종으로, 순수한 흑색 변종이 보석 시장에서 가장 인기 있습니다. 카메오와 인타리오 조각 소재로 수천 년에 걸쳐 사용되어 왔으며, 탁월한 경도와 매끄러운 연마 특성으로 반지, 목걸이 팬던트, 커프 링크 등 다양한 장신구에 활용됩니다. 현재 유통되는 흑색 오닉스 대부분은 마노를 화학 처리하여 균일한 흑색으로 착색한 것입니다.