Ruby
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Ruby is the red variety of corundum, colored by chromium, and stands among the four precious gemstones alongside diamond, emerald, and sapphire; the finest examples command higher per-carat prices than any other gem. The most prized stones, described by the trade as pigeon's blood red, come from the Mogok Valley of Myanmar, which has been mined for over 2,500 years, with additional fine material from Mozambique, Thailand, and Sri Lanka. A Mohs hardness of 9 and outstanding durability make ruby ideal for everyday jewelry. In many Asian cultures the stone symbolizes power, passion, and protection, and it serves as the birthstone for July.
Physical & Optical Properties
Category
Precious Gems
Mohs Hardness
9.0
Specific Gravity
3.97 – 4.05
Refractive Index
1.762 – 1.778
Crystal System
Trigonal
Cleavage
None
Color
red
Birefringence
0.008
Dispersion
0.018
Pleochroism
Strong: purplish-red - orangy-red
Mohs Hardness
| Mohs | Reference mineral | Ruby |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Talc | |
| 2 | Gypsum | |
| 3 | Calcite | |
| 4 | Fluorite | |
| 5 | Apatite | |
| 6 | Orthoclase | |
| 7 | Quartz | |
| 8 | Topaz | |
| 9 | Corundum | ● |
| 10 | Diamond |
Crystal System
Value & Market
Price Tier
Investment ($5,000+/ct)
Where to Buy Ruby
Blue Nile
Fine jewelry retailer
James Allen
Gemstone jewelry
Brilliant Earth
Ethically sourced gems
Amazon
Wide selection
Links may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.
Cultural Significance
Birthstone Month
7 (modern)
About Ruby
ルビーはコランダムの赤色変種でクロムによって着色されており、ダイヤモンド、エメラルド、サファイアとともに四大宝石のひとつとして、最高品質のものはカラット単価で他のどの宝石をも上回ります。「ピジョンブラッド」と称される深紅色の最上質ルビーはミャンマーのモゴック渓谷産が知られ、2500年以上の採掘の歴史を持ちます。モザンビーク、タイ、スリランカも良質な産地として知られています。多くのアジア文化では、ルビーは力、情熱、守護の象徴とされています。
On this page
Origins
Jewelry Use
Durability
10/10
Suitable for daily wear
Science FYI Family
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Ruby?
ルビーはコランダムの赤色変種でクロムによって着色されており、ダイヤモンド、エメラルド、サファイアとともに四大宝石のひとつとして、最高品質のものはカラット単価で他のどの宝石をも上回ります。「ピジョンブラッド」と称される深紅色の最上質ルビーはミャンマーのモゴック渓谷産が知られ、2500年以上の採掘の歴史を持ちます。モザンビーク、タイ、スリランカも良質な産地として知られています。多くのアジア文化では、ルビーは力、情熱、守護の象徴とされています。
What is the hardness of Ruby?
Ruby has a Mohs hardness of 9.0, making it excellent for use in jewelry.
What color is Ruby?
Ruby is primarily Red.
Where is Ruby found?
Ruby is found in Jegdalek (Afghanistan), Mogok (Myanmar), Sri Lanka (Ceylon) (Sri Lanka), Ratnapura (Sri Lanka), Luc Yen (Vietnam).
How much does Ruby cost?
Ruby falls into the Investment ($5,000+/ct) price range. Prices vary based on color, clarity, cut, and origin.